A report on airport security audits run from February 1998 through May 1999 found unauthorized access to sensitive areas widespread. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector general discovered carriers and airports had not implemented access control regulations. Airlines, also, had poorly trained their privately hired employees in security measures. Most upsetting was an admission that the FAA itself did not adequately monitor or enforce compliance. The report concluded greater cooperation and communication between the FAA, airports, and carriers were warranted.

The September 11 attacks provided a horrific example of the cost of lax security. Measures instituted afterward focused mainly on restricting and monitoring airplane access, but the 2002 LAX shooting highlighted a lingering weakness; the possibility of an attack outside an airplane. While boarding was monitored more closely, weapons passed by security. Stricter measures used by El Al, such as the pervasive presence of armed guards, have proven an effective deterrent, but the cost is significant and the American public's reaction questionable. Carriers hesitate to pass on such costs or institute policies that may further undermine consumer confidence.

Random audits performed in 2003 found weapons still slipping by undetected. In response, Florida Representative John Mica requested an effectiveness comparison between federal and private screeners. The continued presence of this flaw proves federal monitors alone cannot guarantee a foolproof system. Airports will have the option in late 2004 to once again hire private security firms.

Even the current head of the U.S. Transportation Security Administration (TSA) now admits that airport security as we know it is largely a failure. In light of the fact that reactionary security changes have done nothing to thwart supposed terrorist plots and everything to target innocent Americans, some government officials, as well as TSA administrator John Pistole, are now recommending that the airport security paradigm be altered to become a more "intelligence-based" system rather than a technology-based one.

Since the 9/11 terrorist attacks, airport security measures have escalated to the point that everyday Americans are now subjected to being herded like cattle through intense security lines where X-ray machines blast them with extreme doses of ionizing radiation and TSA agents invasively grope their every bodily crevice in search of hidden weapons and explosives. But none of this has effectively prevented a single terrorist attack.

"Let's be honest: We've been lucky the last few times," explained Senator Joseph Lieberman (I-CT), Senate Homeland Security Committee chairman, in a Boston Globe report. "With the Christmas Day bomber over Detroit and the Times Square bomber and the air cargo attempt, they did not succeed, but that's because of their own inadequacies, not because we were able to stop them."

Currently, the focus of airport security is more accurate personal identification. The United States resurrected old I-Visa requirement for foreign correspondents and is asking travelers from abroad soon be provided with biometric passports. This advanced form of identification makes use of face recognition technology. Stricter identification regulations, policy changes, and an already overwhelmed security staff have resulted in additional delays and protests. Some foreign reporters complained of lengthy detainments, handcuffing, leg shackling, and deportation. Customs and Border Protection has eased I-Visa regulations somewhat in response, but maintains that preventing entry of terrorists is the top priority.

The visible trend in airport security is the identification of weakness followed by an appropriate response. Staffing changes, training procedures, technology advances, etc., contribute to tightening our airport security. Unfortunately, delays and rough spots are inevitable. Refinement of an effective system is an unending process. Once any weakness is addressed, another is identified based on new terrorist activities. It really is a progressive cycle; as one adapts, the other follows.

Rather than continue to add to the list of security restrictions and requirements at airports -- which since 2002 has cost American taxpayers over $57 billion -- officials are now suggesting that intelligence programs that analyze individual passenger data be used instead. However what types of information officials plan to collect and analyze is unclear, and such a proposition could be an even worse invasion of privacy than current protocols.

What You Can Do

While it is disconcerting to know security shortcomings remain, there are steps to cope with delays, comply with requirements and improve security.

• Expect delays and schedule travel accordingly
• Look into the security record of any airport you visit
• Contact your carrier for regulation updates
• Research security checkpoint wait times on the Transportation Security Administration's Web site
• Be aware of prohibited items before traveling
• Know what items must be packed and what is allowed in carry-on luggage
• Have proper, current identification readily available prior to entering the security area
• Inform airport personnel of anything suspicious
• Be aware of your surroundings and airport staff location

-- Catie Hayes & Safety Editor

Related Links:

• Federal Aviation Administration
  

  ---

• TSA | Transportation Security Administration | U.S. Department of Homeland Security

---

MORE FROM TSA:

• Advanced Imaging Technology (AIT) Overview

• How to Get Through the Line Faster

• Liquid Rules: 3-1-1 for Carry-Ons

• Acceptable Identification at the Checkpoint

• Prohibited Items

• Traveling with Food or Gifts

• Travelers with Disabilities & Medical Conditions

• Traveling With Children?

---